Handbook of Temperament by Marcel Zentner & Rebecca L. Shiner

Author:Marcel Zentner & Rebecca L. Shiner
Language: eng
Format: mobi, epub, pdf
Tags: Developmental, Child, Psychology, Adolescent, Personality
ISBN: 9781462506514
Publisher: Guilford Press
Published: 2012-10-01T07:00:00+00:00

SOCIAL CLOSENESS/AGREEABLENESS

Phenotype and Affective System

In contrast to the highly motivating incentive state associated with Extraversion, the core content of Social Closeness and Agreeableness scales reflects the operation of neural processes that create a warm, affectionate, gratifying subjective emotional state elicited by affiliative stimuli, such as soft touch (kissing, caressing, stroking, play); sexual touch; hair grooming; psychological and physical warmth; a caring, smiling, friendly face; soft, caring vocalizations; and shared intimacy (symbolic touching). Our hypothesis is that the subjective emotional experience of warmth and affection reflects the capacity to experience consummatory reward that is elicited by a broad array of affiliative stimuli (Depue & Morrone-Strupinsky, 2005). Such consummatory reward is likely to be the same system that is elicited by nonsocial stimuli (good food/drink, sexual intercourse, a warm bath, the sun on the beach, etc.). This reward capacity is viewed as providing the key element utilized in associative conditioning processes that permit the development and maintenance of longer-term affective bonds characteristic of social organization in human and other primate societies.

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